Instytut Pamięci Narodowej

Polish Months

December 1981

February 11

The Court of the Silesian Military District sentenced a 3rd grade secondary school student from Wrocław to a term of imprisonment of 1 year (suspended)  for distributing leaflets that she herself had prepared.

February 12

The Chief Statistical Office informed that the national income in 1982 had fallen by 8% compared to 1981 - which had been low to begin with. Industrial production in the year 1982 was lower by 2%, agricultural production - by 4.5%, while the public housing industry - by 8%. The cost of living had increased by 102.3%, while consumption had fallen by 15%. Although the monetary income of the populace had increased by 63%, the purchasing power of the zloty was falling literally from day to day. In consequence, the actual wage throughout industry had fallen by 25.5% - in spite of raises. This data, however, may not be completely accurate.

February 13

In Wrocław, after the mass at the cathedral, a group of some 1,500 people gathered They chanted among others "Solidarity", "Youth will take care of the party", "Solidarity", "We want bread, we want meat, long live Lech Wałęsa", and "Frasyniuk". The procession passed along the then Dzierżyński Square without any hindrance.

February 16

At night, unknown assailants attempted to burn down the seat of the Municipal Committee of the PZPR in Bielsko Podlaskie.

February 17

The trial of the Warsaw-based Radio "Solidarity" came to an end. Zbigniew Romaszewski was sentenced to a term of imprisonment of 4.5 years. The remaining defendants were sentenced to terms of imprisonment ranging from 7 months to 3 years.

February 18

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "At the Komuna Paryska Shipyard [in Gdynia], the activist of the new trade union had his clothes cut up".

February 19

On the occasion of the 2nd anniversary of the Ustrzycko – Rzeszowskie Agreements, a solemn mass was held at the parish church in Rzeszów.

February 21

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "The door to the apartment occupied by the editor in chief of <<Dziennik Wieczorny>> in Bydgoszcz was set on fire". Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: In Wałbrzych, a 12-man informal group of employees from the Rolling Stock Plant in Świdnica was detained; they had been occupied with printing an illegal periodical entitled "Wolny Wagonowiec" and distributing leaflets. 950 leaflets and 7 reams of paper were seized".

February 23

The 190th Conference of the Polish Episcopate Convened. In Łódź, a series of meetings with representatives of cultural circles and independent social and political activists were convened, as part of the chaplaincy service established by the Jesuit, Father Stefan Miecznikowski, for Creative Circles. The main figure at the first meeting was Father Józef Tischner.

February 24

The communique of the 190th Conference of the Polish Episcopate was published. The bishops opted in favor of the freedom to organize trade unions in accordance with the will of employees. Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Rzeszów, a 6-man informal group was uncovered, this comprising primary and vocational school students who were engaged in distributing pamphlets and inscribing hostile texts".

February 26-27

A group of persons printing and distributing the "Solidarni" paper were arrested. However, the paper continued to be published. Its name was subsequently changed to "Solidarność" and was then merged with the "Poznań" paper (in 1984), functioning as the organ of TZR NSZZ "S" Greater Poland.

March 1

One Jan Ziółkowski was beaten at the 5th Militia Station (Poznań – Wilda), and later died in hospital on March 5.

March 2

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "1st pilot – employee of PLL <<LOT>> faked a technical glitch and hijacked an airliner normally flying on the Warsaw - Sophia route to Vienna".

March 3

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "Before the meeting of the founding committee of the new trade union at the Zakłady Produkcji Urządzeń Automatyki <<Mera>> in Wrocław, a tear gas canister was thrown into the hall".

March 4

It was officially notified that until February 20, formal requests for emigration from Poland for political reasons had been made by 5,164 persons. Consent had been given to 4,510 persons.

March 6

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Łapy, paint was poured over the monument of Marceli Nowotko".

March 7

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Zielona Góra, a 5-man group of pamphlet distributors was uncovered; the authorities seized 1 typewriter, 2 reams of paper, and 44 illegal publications".

March 8

On the anniversary of the events of March 1968, a demonstration was held on the grounds of WarsawUniversity. NZS and MKK "S" pamphlets were distributed. Aleksander Małachowski, a member of the regional authorities of "Solidarity" in the "Mazowsze" region, was arrested. Zbigniew Bujak was detained, but after a short time he managed to escape.

March 9

Anna Walentynowicz was put on trial before the Court of the Pomeranian Military District in Grudziądz, accused of continuing trade union activities. She was sentenced to a term of imprisonment of 6 years.

March 13

In Kalisz, a protest march was held near one of the churches. ZOMO units with water cannons blocked the route.

March 14

The largest martial law trial in the history of the Białystok region drew to a close. 21 persons stood accused before the Military Garrison Court in Białystok (mainly students and lecturers from educational institutions in Białystok) of preparing and distributing pamphlets. The Court acquitted seven people, dismissed the case with respect to five, and sentenced seven to terms of imprisonment ranging from six months to one year (suspended for three years). The case of two persons was made the subject of a separate investigation.

March 16

Steelworkers from the Lenin Steel Mill in Kraków participated in a protest march that was broken up by the ZOMO.

March 17

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Brańsk, the authorities uncovered a 3-man organization operating under the name "Movement for the Protection of National and Christian Awareness", which was engaged in preparing and distributing illegal publications".

March 18

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Gorzów Wielkopolski, the authorities disclosed a 3-man group of students from local secondary schools, who distributed pamphlets and wrote hostile slogans as part of the "Youth Resistance Movement"".

March 21

The Helsinki Committee created the Human Rights Fund, and requested financial assistance. The MRKS trial commenced. The accused included 9 people, among them Adam Borowski, Wacław Skudniewski, Jerzy Bogumił, Bogusław Gołębiowski, Roman Bielański, Elżbieta Stobbe, Grzegorz Gampel, Mieczysław Nowak, and Andrzej Machalski. They were charged among other offenses with the "criminal infringement of the existing legal order".

March 22

Czesław Kiszczak familiarized Parliament with information on the results of martial law. According to the official statistics, during demonstrations 15 persons had been killed, while 36 protestors had received gunshot wounds.

March 23

A meeting of the TKK was held. A declaration was issued regarding the approaching May 1 and 3 celebrations, and the pilgrimage of Pope John Paul II.

March 26

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Polkowice, a 13-man illegal youth organization under the name "Youth Home Army" and "Secret Anticommunist Association" was uncovered; officers seized 3 homemade shortwave transmitters".

March 30

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "The chairman of the trade union of the Electromachinery Plant <<Ema-Cela>> in Cieszyn received a number of anonymous threatening telephone calls".

March 31

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "At the <<Sopotplast>> Cooperative in Sopot, information materials of the new trade union were destroyed".

April 1

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Barlinek, a 4-man informal group of pamphlet distributors was detained".

April 7

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Kraków, a 3-man informal group was detained; these persons had been engaged in publishing the illegal periodical "Montinowiec" - 1 printing frame and 2 reams of publications and paper were seized".

April 10

The Polish Defender Force, an organization established in New York with the objective of defending Polish opposition activists, appealed in the "New York Times" for the release of political prisoners in Poland; the call was signed by 27 well-known personalities from the fields of science and art.

April 9-11

Lech Wałęsa met with the underground TKK NSZZ "Solidarity"

April 12

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "At the Small Cubic Capacity Motor Car Plant in Bielsko Biała, informational-propaganda display cabinets of the PZPR party organization were damaged.

April 13

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "At the <<Wschód>> Industrial Complex in Bydgoszcz, a 7-man informal group was detained; its members had been engaged in clandestine trade union activities within the framework of the former NSZZ <<Solidarity>>". Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Warsaw, a 7-man informal group was detained; its members had been engaged in organizing illegal broadcasts of <<Radio Solidarity>> - 1 high-power radio transmitting device was seized".

April 14

Lech Wałęsa received the title of doctor honoris causa from Harvard University. The editorial office of the Swedish "Dagens Nyheter" and Danish "Politiken" awarded the chairman of NSZZ "Solidarity" a prize of 50,000 crowns for his struggle for the right to live in freedom and truth. Lech Wałęsa donated this sum to the protection of human rights in Poland.

April 14-18

3 members and 3 collaborators of TZR NSZZ "S" in Leszno were put on trial. The Air Force Court in Poznań sentenced the accused to terms of imprisonment ranging from 6 months to 1.5 years, suspended for 2 years.

April 15

The head of the Gorzów Regional Executive Committee of NSZZ "Solidarity", Zbigniew Bełz, was arrested along with twenty other "Solidarity" activists. Bełz, freed after a few months based on amnesty, issued a declaration in which he encouraged others to withdraw from underground activities. The chairmanship of the RKW was taken over by Stanisław Żytkowski, and held by him until 1989.

April 16

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Częstochowa, the authorities uncovered an informal 7-man group that had been engaged in printing illegal publications, including the <<CDN>> periodical; 1 copier, 8,000 copies of illegal publications ready for distribution, and 30 reams of paper were seized".

April 19

An independent commemoration of the 40th anniversary of the uprising in the Warsaw Ghetto was organized. Janusz Onyszkiewicz was arrested in connection with these preparations.

April 20

The first edition of the "Szaniec" paper of the Movement of Independent Youth was published in Gorzów Wielkopolski.

April 21

TKK NSZZ "Solidarity", acting upon a motion of the Group for Culture, awarded the cultural prizes of "Solidarity" for the years 1981/1982. These were honorary distinctions. The recipients were: Ryszard Bugajski – for directing the film "Przesłuchanie" (Interrogation), Jerzy Jarocki – for directing "Murder in the Cathedral", Krzysztof Kieślowski – for directing the film "Przypadek" (Coincidence), Marek Nowakowski – for the volume of stories "Raport o stanie wojennym" (Report on martial law), Andrzej Piekutowski – for the film "Chłopi ‘81" (Peasants '81), Jan Polkowski – for his poetic works, Janusz Zaorski – for directing the film "Matka Królów" (Mother of Kings), Zbigniew Zapasiewicz – for the role of Łunin, the anonymous author of the song "Tanks go to Wujek", Lech Bądkowski – for his literary and journalistic works, and for editing the "Samorządność" weekly, Ryszard Bugajski, Tomasz Jastrun – for poetic works during the period of martial law, Jan Krzysztof Kelus – for his recent songs, Andrzej Szczepkowski – for his role in the "Ambassador" by S. Mrożek, the "Teatr Ósmego Dnia" theater – for the performance "Mandelsztam".

April 22

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Bielsko Biała, the authorities disclosed an informal 4-man group of distributors, who at the same time were carrying on clandestine trade union activities within the framework of the former NSZZ <<Solidarity>>".

April 23

In Wrocław Józef Pinior, a member of the RKS was arrested.

April 24

In Zamość, paint was poured on the monument of MO and Secret Police who had died fighting with the pro-independence underground movement.

April 25

In Wrocław, Marek Muszyński was elected the new chairman of the RKS; from 1986, he used the pseudonym "Witold".

April 26

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: In Dąbrowa Górnicza, the authorities disclosed an informal 4-man group of printers and distributers of pamphlets – 1,500 pamphlets, 1 typewriter, and 5 reams of paper were seized". Members of the plant of "Elmor" Gdańsk sent a letter to the authorities, in which they defended Andrzej Gwiazda. They turned theattention towards the inconsistency between the fact that he had been arrested and the propaganda of the authorities that preached national reconciliation.

April 28

In Gorzów Wielkopolski an 8-minute broadcast of Radio "Solidarity" was aired. The Air Force Court in Poznań sentenced 5 activists of underground "Solidarity", who had been arrested in October and November 1982.

April 29

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: At the <<Oświęcim>> Chemical Plant in Oświęcim, the authorities detained an informal 3-man group of distributors of pamphlets and publications".

April 29-30

The Secret Police, impersonating "Radio Solidarity", called for the the cancellation of May 1 demonstrations. [...] "We know of the preparations undertaken by ZOMO and the orders given, we know what they are capable of and we are fully aware of the effects of a possible charge by those who call themselves the guardians of law and order. We do not want any victims on the eve of the visit of the Polish Pope. In this case, the Organizational Committee of the May 1 Celebration of NSZZ "Solidarity" of the Mazovia Region has decided to change the form of our protest". In Świdnik, Radio "Solidarity" aired its first broadcast.

April 30

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "At the bus depot of the Municipal Transport Corporation in Warsaw, at Kleszczowa Street, 2 members of the so-called "Interplant Cooperation Committee <<Solidarity>>".

May

The Interplant Committee of "Solidarity" Myślenice was established.

May 1

In Łódź, Częstochowa, Lublin, Bydgoszcz, Kraków, Szczecin, Poznań and other cities, "solidarity" demonstrations took place. In Gdańsk, Gdynia, Nowa Huta, Wrocław, and Warsaw, the demonstrations were attacked by ZOMO forces. During an independent demonstration in Nowa Huta, Ryszard Smagur died after being shot by a ZOMO officer and hit in the head with a tear gas canister. Smaller demonstrations took place in Świdnica, Bielawa, and Dzierżoniów. In total, some 1,000 people were detained. Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "The ambulance service in Legnica received an anonymous telephone informing that cable wells along the route of the May 1 procession had been mined".

May 2

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "At the Agricultural-TechnicalAcademy in Olsztyn, some 7 flags were torn down"

May 3

As in the previous year, demonstrations were held in Warsaw, Kraków, Poznań, and Lublin. Officers from the special unit of the Citizens' Militia attacked the church assistance committee functioning at St. Martin's Church in the OldTown in Warsaw. The Committee's premises were vandalized, and four persons kidnapped; these were thrown out of a car at night in the forests near Warsaw. Those assaulted included, among others, Barbara Sadowska, a collaborator of the committee, and the mother of Grzegorz Przemyk. Following mass, in the intention of the Homeland, as held at the Church of the Raising of the Holy Cross in Gliwice, a street demonstration took place. The militia and Secret Police intervened.

May 4

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Kraków, a 3-man group of pamphlet distributors was detained".

May 5

Lech Wałęsa met with foreign journalists. He considered the unofficial May 1 celebrations as "Solidarity's" success. Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Łódź, a 5-man group of printers and distributors of pamphlets and other publications was detained; 2 printing frames, 1 typewriter, and 25 reams of paper were seized".

May 6

Leaders of various trade union trends who had been acting before December 13, 1981 sent an appeal to the Presidium of Parliament for introducing real trade union pluralism, freeing persons imprisoned for trade union activities, and reinstating those dismissed from work.

May 9

The rector of the JesuitCollege in Kalisz, Father Stefan Dzierżek, was arrested and placed before a magistrates's court, charged with hanging an announcement concerning a fundraiser to help the repressed. This priest, who was 70 years old at the time, was sentenced to a term of imprisonment of two months. Following an appeal, on May 26, 1983 the Court suspended the sentence for a period of 10 months. In Poznań, the so-called "Polytechnic trial" came to a close. The accused included 27 students and graduates of the Polytechnic, as well as outside persons. They were accused of being active in the University Resistance Movement, publishing and distributing underground publications, and writing at various public locations in Poznań. This was the largest political trial in Poznań since that of the participants of the Poznanian June of 1956.

May 10

"Głos Wybrzeża", and then official television and the Polish Press Agency attacked the confessor of Lech Wałęsa, Father Henryk Jankowski, suggesting that his father was a supporter of Hitler and died on the Eastern Front as a Wehrmacht soldier. Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Warsaw, a 6-man group of distributors of illegal publications was detained; the authorities seized 10,000 copies of <<Tygodnik Mazowsze>>, which had been prepared for distribution, along with considerable quantities of typographical materials".

May 12

The Primate of Poland, Józef Glemp, delivered a sermon in Kraków on the occasion of St. Stanisław's holiday and turned attention towards the important role of the Church in providing assistance to the repressed; at the same time, he stated that places of worship should not be used for expressing political slogans. At the militia station in the Old Town of Warsaw, Grzegorz Przemyk, the son of the poet Barbara Sadowska, a collaborator of the church assistance committee, was severely beaten.

May 14

18-year old Grzegorz Przemyk died, having been cruelly beaten at the militia station in the Old Town of Warsaw on May 12. Previously, his mother - Barbara Sadowska, a poet and human rights activist - had been assaulted together with five other members of the Primate's Assistance Committee. The authorities undertook a range of actions in order to direct suspicions regarding his fatal beating towards employees of the ambulance service, who had been giving Grzegorz Przemyk first aid, and away from the officers present at the station. This led to a trial in which the aforementioned employees were the defendants.

July 16

RKW NSZZ "S" Mazovia Region issued a declaration on the tragic death of Grzegorz Przemyk.

May 17

In Warsaw, Bronisław Geremek - previously interned - was arrested. In August 1980 he was a member of a group of advisors for the Interplant Strike Committee.

May 18

In Toruń, the Regional Executive Committee of NSZZ "Solidarity" was established.

May 19

In the capital, a few dozen people participated in the funeral of Grzegorz Przemyk, who had been beaten to death at a militia station. A sentence was passed in the trial of the Warsaw MRKS. Adam Borowski was sentenced to a term of imprisonment of 3.5 years. The seven remaining accused were sentenced to terms of imprisonment ranging from to (2 years to 2 yearsCHECK THE NUMERS???), suspended.

May 20

The spokesman of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a declaration – an official protest to the authorities of the Polish state: "Recent events in Poland show clearly that serious acts of violence affect innocent victims. France remains convinced that the search for a permanent solution to the crisis must in actual fact take into consideration the aspirations of the people: the release of all those imprisoned, the cessation of repressions, and a return to trade union pluralism".

May 21

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "A tear gas grenade was thrown into the cloakroom of Department W-2 at the <<Hutmen>> plant in Wrocław".

May 25

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: In Wadowice, the authorities detained a 4-man group of employees from the Factory of Lathe Elements <<Ponar>>, who were engage in the distribution of pamphlets".

May 26

In Toruń, people commemorated the Day of Solidarity with Political Prisoners. Lech Wałęsa received the prize of Social Justice awarded by the American Trade Union United Auto Workers. As part of the campaign against Lech Wałęsa, the authorities published the text of his alleged discussion with his brother, held in Arłamów, in tens of of copies. The Secret Police tried to show that the Wałęsas were frauds.

May 27

At a sitting of the WRON, Gen. Czesław Kiszczak launched a scathing attack on political opponents: "We view as complete and utter lies the accusations - lately intensifying - against the ministry, which state that it has abused power, and in particular the personal inviolability of citizens. [...] The question of usage of direct force is regulated within our Ministry in great detail. Each instance must be described in detail in the appropriate documents, while each signal from the public regarding irregularities in this regard is checked thoroughly".

May 28

Courts of the Warsaw Military District sentenced Zdzisław Najder, the Director of the Polish Section of Radio Free Europe, to death in absentia.

June 1

Acting upon the call of TKZ "S", employees of the FSO staged a 15-minute protest strike demanding the disclosure of the perpetrators of the fatal beating of Grzegorz Przemyk and an open court trial in this case.

June 5

Based on a special permit granted by the president of Warsaw, General Mieczysław Dębicki, there was held a meeting of the Supreme Board of the Association of Polish Filmmakers, at which the Presidium of the Supreme Board together with Andrzej Wajda tendered its resignation.

June 6

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Rawa Mazowiecka, Wiskitky, and Puszcza Mariańska the authorities disclosed and detained a 5-man group of pamphlet distributora, seizing 1 typewriter and 8 reams of paper".

June 8

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Częstochowa, a 6-man group of pamphlet distributors was detained". Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Poznań, a 5-man group was detained; these persons were engaged in recording interviews with workers and passing them on to the Western mass media".

June 9

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Gdańsk, the authorities detained 9 members of an organization under the name "Independent Political Group" – 3 typewriters were seized, as well as some 4,000 illegal publications – at the same time in Warsaw, Wrocław and Toruń 3 other members of this organizations were detained, and 2 typewriters seized".

June 10

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Kraków, a 16-man group of distributors and printers of pamphlets and publications were detained – 1 Western-made offset copier, 1 printing frame, 1 typewriter, and 4,000 different publications prepared for distribution were detained".

June 16-23

The second pilgrimage of John Paul II to Poland took place. At the Okęcie Airport in Warsaw, the Pope was greated by Professor Henryk Jabłoński. After kissing the soil, the Pope said: "I think that I should be with my countrymen at this solemn, and at the same time difficult, moment of Polish history (...). Peace be with you, Poland, my Homeland!”. At the Belweder, the Pope informed General Jaruzelski that he has come to be with the nation at a difficult time. "I do not cease to trust - he said - that the repeatedly announced social renewal, according to the principles worked out with such difficulty during the breakthrough days of August 1980 and included in the Agreements, shall gradually be realized". On the first day of the pilgrimage, at St. John's Cathedral, the Pope stressed that "Divine Providence has saved Primate Wyszyński from the painful events connected with the date of December 13, 1981". Upon hearing these words, the crowds gathered on Zamkowy Square started to shout at the top of their voices: "Solidarity!!! Solidarity!!!". During his visit, John Paul II visited Warsaw, Częstochowa, Poznań, Katowice, Wrocław, and Kraków.

June 17

The Pope held mass at the X-lecia Stadium in Warsaw. The banners unfurled at the stadium included one with the following wording: "The most sincere greetings to John Paul II from the underground and prisons, smuggled by NSZZ <<Solidarity>>". In his sermon, the Pope mentioned among others the experiences of Poles from the "past few years", which are important for "many societies of Europe and the world".

June 18

Another point of the Papal visit was Niepokalanów, where the Pope held mass.

June 19

The Holy Father visited Jasna Góra in Częstochowa.

June 20

The Association of Polish Plastic Artists was dissolved. The Pope visited Poznań, Katowice. Mass was held and the Pope was greeted at Łęgi Dębińskie in Poznań. The authorities did not consent to the Pope visiting the monument of the Poznanian June of 1956. The Pope held holy mass at the airport in Katowice – Muchowiec. According to estimates, the service was attended by approximately one million people.

June 21

As part of his pilgrimage, John Paul II visited Wrocław and St. Anna's Mount. Holy mass was held, turning into an enormous demonstration of "Solidarity". Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Warsaw, a 6-man illegal organization under the name <<VIS>> was detained".

June 22

Jerzy Gudejka, an actor of the Wrocław-based "Współczesny" Theater, was sentenced by the District Court of Wrocław-Śródmieście to a term of imprisonment of 1 year (suspended) for heading a counter-demonstration on May 1. Following mass, which was held by the Holy Father at the Kraków Błonie, a crowd of faithful devotees numbering a few thousand, which carried "Solidarity" banners set out on its way to Mistrzejowice. The Citizens' Militia tried to disperse the demonstrators.

June 23

Pope John Paul II visited the Tatra Mountains and Kraków, from where he then flew back to Rome.

June 26

In Radom, delegations from various workplaces placed flowers under the June 1976 monument to commemorate the seventh anniversary of the events. A solemn Mass was also celebrated, after which a few hundred people walked in silence from the church to the monument.

June 27

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Częstochowa, 3 members of the so-called "TKR NSZZ <<Solidarity>> – Częstochowa" were detained".

June 28

An independent commemoration of the 27th anniversary of the Poznanian June 1956. Following mass at the Dominican church, a demonstration took place, which was broken up by ZOMO units.

June 30

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In Słupsk, a 4-man youth group was disclosed, which was engaged in manufacturing transmitting devices; 3 transmitters were seized".

July 3

The TKK issued a declaration in turn referring to the visit of Pope John Paul II, which had recently drawn to a close, and the authorities' announcement that martial law may be lifted.

July 11

The Provincial Court in Legnica sentenced two employees of the Zakłady Przemysłu Dziewiarskiego "Hanka" to suspended terms of imprisonment of 1 year and fines of 20,000 zlotys for organizing a campaign on April 16 – holding a minute's silence to commemorate the miners who had died at the "Wujek" mine.

July 14

Zbigniew Bujak, interviewed by "Tygodnik Mazowsze", informed of the coming out of underground activists after July 22: "It would, of course, be beneficial if the greatest possible number of people could return home". This does not, however, pertain to the authorities of Solidarity and their necessary co-workers. These people are expected to make sacrifices and resign from their personal lives so that "S" may continue to operate on a national scale".

July 20

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "In the township of Młynary, near Ostrołęka, a 5-man team operating an illegal printing house was detained; the authorities seized 2 offset copiers, 60 reams of paper, and 635 publications prepared for distribution".

July 21

Records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: "At Zelowskie Zakłady Przemysłu Bawełnianego <<Fanar>>, a 3-man illegal <<Solidarity>> group was disclosed".

July 22

After 586 days, martial law was abolished - previously, it had been suspended.

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